EMERGE’s findings will be communicated at scientific conferences and published in open-access journals. Find below the current list of publications.
Access all publication on the project's Zenodo community clicking here.
LLMs Struggle on Explicit Causality in Italian
This paper presents ExpliCITA, a translation of the English ExpliCa dataset, which is the first publicly available dataset for joint temporal-causal reasoning in Italian, enabling evaluation of LLMs on Italian PCD.
Alessandro Bondielli, Martina Miliani, Luca Paglione, Serena Auriemma, Lucia Passaro and Alessandro Lenci, CLiC-it 2025: Eleventh Italian Conference on Computational Linguistics, September 24 — 26, 2025, Cagliari, Italy
MAIA: a Benchmark for Multimodal AI Assessment
This paper introduces MAIA (Multimodal AI Assessment), a multimodal dataset developed as a core component of a competence-oriented benchmark designed for fine-grained investigation of the reasoning abilities of Visual Language Models (VLMs) on videos.
Davide Testa, Giovanni Bonetta, Raffaella Bernardi, Alessandro Bondielli, Alessandro Lenci, Alessio Miaschi, Lucia Passaro and Bernardo Magnini, CLiC-it 2025: Eleventh Italian Conference on Computational Linguistics, September 24 — 26, 2025, Cagliari, Italy
MAINLE: A Multi-Agent, Interactive, Natural Language Local Explainer of Classification Tasks
This paper introduces a multi-agent architecture to provide interactive explanations for classification tasks based on a range of machine learning algorithms, so that end-users can obtain answers in natural language.
Serafim, P.B. et al. (2026). Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases. Research Track. ECML PKDD 2025. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 16016. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-032-06078-5_9
Model-Based Control for Soft Robots With System Uncertainties and Input Saturation
This article aims at solving challenges regarding accuracy and actuation by proposing a robust model-based strategy for the shape control of soft robots with system uncertainty and input saturation.
Shao, X., Pustina, P., Stölzle, M., Sun, G., De Luca, A., Wu, L., & Della Santina, C., IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 1–10, 2023. DOI: 10.1109/TIE.2023.3303636
Model-Based Control of Soft Robots: A Survey of the State of the Art and Open Challenges
This work aims to introduce the control theorist perspective to continuum soft robotics.
C. Della Santina, C. Duriez and D. Rus, IEEE Control Systems Magazine, vol. 43, no. 3, pp. 30-65, 2023, DOI: 10.1109/MCS.2023.3253419.
Modelling Handed Shearing Auxetics: Selective Piecewise Constant Strain Kinematics and Dynamic Simulation
This paper proposes two key components extending discrete Cosserat rod model (DCM) to allow for modeling Handed Shearing Auxetics (HSAs) for electrically-actuated continuum soft robots.
M. Stölzle, L. Chin, R. L. Truby, D. Rus and C. D. Santina, 2023 IEEE International Conference on Soft Robotics (RoboSoft), 2023, pp. 1-8, DOI: 10.1109/RoboSoft55895.2023.10121989.
Modular Wavelength Adaptation of the Dynamic Optical MicroEnvironment
This paper presents a modular solution to allow general light sources to be used with the DOME, a powerful and adaptable platform that facilitates the study of light-reactive systems at the microscale.
N. Wijewardhane, M. Uppington, M. How, H. Hauser, E. Piddini and S. Hauert, 2023 International Conference on Manipulation, Automation and Robotics at Small Scales (MARSS), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, 2023, pp. 1-6, doi: 10.1109/MARSS58567.2023.10294114.
MultiSTOP: Solving Functional Equations with Reinforcement Learning
This paper develops MultiSTOP, a Reinforcement Learning framework for solving functional equations in physics.
Alessandro Trenta, Davide Bacciu, Andrea Cossu, Pietro Ferrero. ICLR 2024 Workshop on AI4DifferentialEquations In Science. DOI: 10.48550/arXiv.2404.14909
Nanowire Neural Networks for time-series processing
The authors introduce a novel computational framework inspired by the physics of nanowire memristive networks, which is embed into the context of Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) for time-series processing.
Veronica Pistolesi, Andrea Ceni, Claudio Gallicchio, Gianluca Milano, Carlo Ricciardi. NeurIPS 2024 Workshop Machine Learning with new Compute Paradigms.
Neural Autoencoder-Based Structure-Preserving Model Order Reduction and Control Design for High-Dimensional Physical Systems
This letter concerns control-oriented and structure-preserving learning of low-dimensional approximations of high-dimensional physical systems, with a focus on mechanical systems.
M. Lepri, D. Bacciu and C. D. Santina, in IEEE Control Systems Letters, vol. 8, pp. 133-138, 2024, DOI: 10.1109/LCSYS.2023.3344286.
NiSNN-A: Noniterative Spiking Neural Network With Attention With Application to Motor Imagery EEG Classification
In this work, the authors combine spiking neural networks (SNNs) and the attention mechanisms for electroencephalogram (EEG) classification, aiming to improve precision and reduce energy consumption.
C. Zhang, W. Pan and C. D. Santina, in IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems, doi: 10.1109/TNNLS.2025.3538335.
Non-Dissipative Graph Propagation for Non-Local Community Detection
This work argues that the ability to propagate long-range information during message passing is key to effectively perform community detection in heterophilic graphs.
W. Leeney, A. Gravina and D. Bacciu, 2025 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN), Rome, Italy, 2025, pp. 1-8, doi: 10.1109/IJCNN64981.2025.11228363.
Non-dissipative Reservoir Computing Approaches for Time-Series Classification
This paper studies the behavior of a recently introduced class of alternative RC approaches in which the fixed dynamical component implements a stable but non-dissipative system, so that the driving temporal signal can be propagated through multiple time steps effectively.
Gallicchio, C., Ceni, A. (2024). In Artificial Neural Networks and Machine Learning – ICANN 2024. ICANN 2024. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 15025. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-72359-9_8
Nonlinear Modes as a Tool for Comparing the Mathematical Structure of Dynamic Models of Soft Robots
This paper proposes to use the recent nonlinear extension in modal theory -called eigenmanifolds- as a means to evaluate control-oriented models for soft robots and compare them.
P. Pustina, D. Calzolari, A. Albu-Schäffer, A. D. Luca and C. D. Santina, 2024 IEEE 7th International Conference on Soft Robotics (RoboSoft), 2024, pp. 779-785, doi: 10.1109/RoboSoft60065.2024.10521987.
On Oversquashing in Graph Neural Networks Through the Lens of Dynamical Systems
This paper introduces a novel perspective to address oversquashing, leveraging dynamical systems properties of global and local non-dissipativity, that enable the maintenance of a constant information flow rate.
Gravina, A., Eliasof, M., Gallicchio, C., Bacciu, D., & Schönlieb, C.-B. (2025). Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 39(16), 16906-16914.
On the ethical governance of swarm robotic systems in the real world
In this paper, the authors address the question: what practices would be required for the responsible design and operation of real-world swarm robotic systems?
Alan F. T. Winfield, Matimba Swana, Jonathan Ives and Sabine Hauert. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.38320240142 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2024.0142
Over-Parameterized Neural Models based on Graph Random Features for fast and accurate graph classification
This paper aims to explore a simple form of a randomized graph neural network.
Nicolò Navarin, Luca Pasa, Claudio Gallicchio, Luca Oneto, and Alessandro Sperduti, in "20th International Workshop on Mining and Learning with Graphs In conjunction with ECMLPKDD 2023"
Perspectives in Play: A Multi-Perspective Approach for More Inclusive NLP Systems
This work conducts an extensive analysis across diverse subjective text classification tasks including hate speech, irony, abusive language, and stance detection, to highlight the importance of capturing human disagreements, often overlooked by traditional aggregation methods.
Benedetta Muscato, Lucia Passaro, Gizem Gezici, Fosca Giannotti, Proceedings of the Thirty-Fourth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence AI and Social Good. Pages 9827-9835. DOI: 10.24963/ijcai.2025/1092
